PHYSIOTHERAPY IN NEUROLOGICAL CONDITION

STROKE

IT IS A NEUROLOGICAL DEFICIT CAUSED BY FOCAL VASCULAR LESION IN THE BRAIN.

THE VASCULAR LESION CAN BE EITHER HEMORRHAGIC OR ISCHEMIC.

CAUSES:

• THROMBUS
• EMBOLI
• HEMORRHAGE

CLINICAL FEATURE:

1) SENSORY INVOLVEMENT IN A STROKE PATIENT DEPENDS UPON THE SITE AND THE EXTENT OF THE LESION.TOUCH,PAIN,TEMPERATURE,PROPRIOCEPTIVE SENSATION MAY BE INVOLVED TO A VARIABLE DEGREE.

2) MOTOR IMMEDIATELY AFTER THE ONSET OF STROKE, THERE IS A STAGE OF CEREBRAL SHOCK WITH FLACCIDITY AND AREFLEXIA.

3) SPASTICITY SEVERE DEGREE OF SPASTICITY WILL MAKE MOVEMENTS IMPOSSIBLE,MODERATE SPASTICITY WILL ALLOW FOR SOME SLOW MOVEMENTS AND MILD SPASTICITY WILL ALOW GROSS MOVEMENTS.

4) SYNERGY SYNERGY PATTERNS ARE ABNORMAL,STEREOTYPED,PRIMITIVE.

5) APRAXIA AGNOSIA

6) SPEECH LANGUAGE DISORDER

7) DYSPHAGIA

8) BLADDER AND BOWEL IMPAIREMENT

9) SEXUAL DYSFUNCTION

TREATMENT 

PHYSIOTHERAPY TREATMENT IS MOST USEFUL FOR THIS PATIENT.WHICH INCLUDE

• POSITIONING
• MOBILIZATION AND STRETCHING
• WEIGHT BEARING ACTIVITIES

• CHEST PHYSIOTHERAPY
• OROPHARYNGEAL RETRAINING
• TREATMENT TO RELIEVE SPASTICITY

 

PARKINSONISM

IT IS THE SYNDROME MENIFESTS AS TREMOR,DISTURBANCES IN VOLUNTARY MOVEMENTS AND IMPAIRMENT IN BALANCE AND AUTOMATIC REACTION.

CAUSES:

• IDIOPATHIC
• VASCULAR
• INFECTION
• DUE TO TOXICITY
• VARIOUS DRUGS
• MULTIPLE SYSTEM DEGENERATION
• METABOLIC
• TRAUMATIC

CLINICAL FEATURES:

• BRADYKINESIA
• RIGIDITY
• POSTURAL DISTURBANCES
• TREMORS
• DYPHAGIA
• SLURRED SPEECH
• ASTHENIA
• BLURRING OF VISION

TREATMENT:MAINLY PHYSIO TREATMENT IS IMPORTANT WHICH INCLUDE

1. TREATMENT FOR REDUCTION OF RIGIDITY
2. BALANCING TRAINING
3. MAINTAINING THE FLEXIBILITY OF MUSCULOSKELETAL SYSTEM
4. COORDINATION EXERCISES
5. BREATHING EXERCISES
6. FUNCTIONAL TRAINING
7. IMPROVING THE PHYSICAL FITNESS